Product Name:
MCM2-pY137+pS139
Product Number:
ab-pn620
Target Full Name: DNA replication licensing factor MCM2
Target Alias: BM28; CDCL1; DNA replication licensing factor MCM2; KIAA0030; MCMD2; Minichromosome maintenance protein 2 homologue
Product Type Specific: MCM2 phosphosite-specific antibody
Antibody Code: PN620
Antibody Target Type: Phosphosite-specific
Antibody Phosphosite: Y137+S139
Protein UniProt: P49736
Protein SigNET: MCM2
Antibody Type: Polyclonal
Antibody Host Species: Rabbit
Antibody Immunogen Source: Synthetic phosphopeptide patterned after human MCM2
Antibody Immunogen Sequence: CGLL(pY)D(pS)DEE
Antibody Immunogen Description: Corresponds to amino acid residues G134 to E142. S139 phosphorylation stimulates transcriptional activity and induces interaction with DNA. The effect of Y137 phosphorylation is unclear. These are two of the major in vivo phosphorylation sites in MCM2 (≥117 and ≥418 reports, respectively, from high throughput mass spectrometry studies recorded in PhosphoSitePlus). MCM2 is known to be phosphorylated in vitro at S139 by CDC7 (CDC7L1), CDK2, CDK7, and CK2a1 (CSNK2A1).
Production Method: The immunizing peptide was produced by solid phase synthesis on a multipep peptide synthesizer and purified by reverse-phase hplc chromatography. Purity was assessed by analytical hplc and the amino acid sequence confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis. This peptide was coupled to KLH prior to immunization into rabbits. New Zealand White rabbits were subcutaneously injected with KLH-coupled immunizing peptide every 4 weeks for 4 months. The sera from these animals was applied onto an agarose column to which the immunogen peptide was thio-linked. Antibody was eluted from the column with 0.1 M glycine, pH 2.5. Subsequently, the antibody solution was neutralized to pH 7.0 with saturated Tris.
Antibody Modification: Unconjugated. Contact KInexus if you are interest in having the antibody biotinylated or coupled with fluorescent dyes.
Antibody Concentration: 1 mg/ml
Storage Buffer: Phosphate buffered saline pH 7.4, 0.05% Thimerasol
Storage Conditions: For long term storage, keep frozen at -40°C or lower. Stock solution can be kept at +4°C for more than 3 months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Product Use: Western blotting | Antibody microarray
Antibody Dilution Recommended: 2 µg/ml for immunoblotting
Antibody Species Reactivity: This antibody detects the target phosphoprotein in the following species due to conservation of amino acid sequence: Human | Chimpanzee | Rhesus macaque | Dog | Rat | Mouse | Platypus | Chicken | Frog | Zebra fish | Honey bee.
Scientific Background: MCM2 (Minichromosome Maintenance Protein 2) is a highly conserved, nuclear protein of the MCM family that acts as a core component of the hexameric MCM2–7 complex. It functions as a replicative DNA helicase, crucial for initiating DNA replication and elongation during the S phase. Part of the pre-replication complex (pre-RC) that binds to chromatin during the G1 phase, it ensures DNA is replicated only once per cycle. Along with Mcm4, 6, and 7, it forms the CMG complex (CDC45-MCM-GINS), which unwinds double-stranded DNA. Beyond helicase activity, it plays a role in the recycling of parental histones (H3-H4) to the lagging strand during DNA replication, assisting in chromatin structure maintenance. It plays a role in terminally differentiated hair cells development of the cochlea and induces cells apoptosis. It features a C-terminal domain with AAA+ ATPase activity and an N-terminal domain involved in protein-protein interactions and histone binding. The active ATPase sites in the MCM2-7 ring are formed through the interaction surfaces of two neighboring subunits such that a critical structure of a conserved arginine finger motif is provided in trans relative to the ATP-binding site of the Walker A box of the adjacent subunit. The six ATPase active sites, however, are likely to contribute differentially to the complex helicase activity. MCM2 is regulated through phosphorylation by kinases such as Cdc7, ATR, and ATM, particularly in response to DNA replication stress or damage. Due to its overexpression in cervical and oral cancer cells, it serves as a sensitive diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for proliferation. This description may include information annotated by UniProt and/or Google AI.