Product Name:
PGK1-pY196
Product Number:
ab-pn525
Target Full Name: Phosphoglycerate kinase 1
Target Alias: Cell migration-inducing gene 10 protein; MGC117307; MGC142128; MGC8947; MIG10; PGK1; PGKA; Primer recognition protein 2; PRP 2
Product Type Specific: PGK1 phosphosite-specific antibody
Antibody Code: PN525
Antibody Target Type: Phosphosite-specific
Antibody Phosphosite: Y196
Protein UniProt: P00558
Protein SigNET: PGK1
Antibody Type: Polyclonal
Antibody Host Species: Rabbit
Antibody Immunogen Source: Human PGK1 sequence peptide Cat. No.: PE-04ADF85
Antibody Immunogen Sequence: ELN(pY)FAK(bA)C
Antibody Immunogen Description: Corresponds to amino acid residues E193 to K199; in the middle of the PGK domain. The effect of Y196 phosphorylation is unclear. This is the major in vivo phosphorylation site in PGK1 (≥523 reports from high throughput mass spectrometry studies recorded in PhosphoSitePlus).
Production Method: The immunizing peptide was produced by solid phase synthesis on a multipep peptide synthesizer and purified by reverse-phase hplc chromatography. Purity was assessed by analytical hplc and the amino acid sequence confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis. This peptide was coupled to KLH prior to immunization into rabbits. New Zealand White rabbits were subcutaneously injected with KLH-coupled immunizing peptide every 4 weeks for 4 months. The sera from these animals was applied onto an agarose column to which the immunogen peptide was thio-linked. Antibody was eluted from the column with 0.1 M glycine, pH 2.5. Subsequently, the antibody solution was neutralized to pH 7.0 with saturated Tris.This antibody was also subject to negative purification over phosphotyrosine-agarose.
Antibody Modification: Unconjugated. Contact KInexus if you are interest in having the antibody biotinylated or coupled with fluorescent dyes.
Antibody Concentration: 1 mg/ml
Storage Buffer: Phosphate buffered saline pH 7.4, 0.05% Thimerasol
Storage Conditions: For long term storage, keep frozen at -40°C or lower. Stock solution can be kept at +4°C for more than 3 months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Product Use: Western blotting | Antibody microarray
Antibody Dilution Recommended: 2 µg/ml for immunoblotting
Antibody Potency: Very strong immunoreactivity with immunogen peptide on dot blots.
Antibody Species Reactivity: This antibody detects the target phosphoprotein in the following species due to conservation of amino acid sequence: Human | Chimpanzee | Rhesus Macaque | Dog | Rat | Mouse | Platypus | Chicken | Frog | Zebra fish | Red bread mold.
Antibody Positive Control: The observed molecular mass of the processed target protein on SDS-PAGE gels is reported to be around 44-48 kDa.
Antibody Specificity: Very high
Antibody Cross Reactivity: No significant cross-reactive proteins detected in HEK-293 and T98G cells.
Related Product 1: PGK1 (193-199) pY196 antibody blocking peptide (Cat. No.: PE-04ADF85)
Related Product 2: PKG1Subtide - PKG1 (PRKG1) protein kinase substrate peptide
Scientific Background: PGK1 is the second glycolytic enzyme in the pathway to produce pyruvate from glucose, and also acts as a polymerase alpha cofactor protein (primer recognition protein). It has a two-domain structure that allows for conformational changes during catalysis. It catalyzes the reaction: ATP + 3-phospho-D-glycerate = ADP + 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate. In mitochondria, particularly under hypoxia, PGK1 acts as a protein kinase, phosphorylating pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDHK1). While primarily known as a cytoplasmic glycolytic enzyme, PGK1 translocates to the mitochondria under metabolic stress (hypoxia) or in cancer cells, driven by ERK-dependent phosphorylation at Ser-203. This inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase complex activity, promoting the Warburg effect and tumour growth. PGK1 activity is enhanced by acetylation (e.g., at K220), which can be regulated by HDAC3 and SIRT1. It is overexpressed in many cancers (e.g., breast, neuroblastoma, lung), contributing to tumour progression, angiogenesis inhibition (when secreted), and chemoradiotherapy resistance. It has also been implicated to play a role in sperm motility. This description may include information annotated by UniProt and/or Google AI.