Product Name:
GSK3b-pT275+pT277
Product Number:
ab-pk883
Target Full Name: Glycogen synthase-serine kinase 3 beta
Target Alias: Factor A; Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta; GSK-3 beta; GSK3-beta; Kinase GSK-3 beta; Kinase GSK3-beta; Protein kinase GSK-3-beta; CCDS2996.1; ENSG00000082701
Product Type Specific: GSK3b protein kinase phosphosite-specific antibody
Antibody Code: PK883
Antibody Target Type: Phosphosite-specific
Antibody Phosphosite: T275+T277
Protein UniProt: P49841
Protein SigNET: GSK3b
Antibody Type: Polyclonal
Antibody Host Species: Rabbit
Antibody Immunogen Source: Synthetic phosphopeptide patterned after human GSK3b
Antibody Immunogen Sequence: VLG(pT)P(pT)REQ(βA)C
Antibody Immunogen Description: Corresponds to amino acid residues V272 to Q280. The effects of T275 and T277 phosphorylation are unclear. T275 and T277 have not yet been identified as phosphosites in GSK3b by high throughput mass spectrometry studies recorded in PhosphoSitePlus.
Production Method: The immunizing peptide was produced by solid phase synthesis on a multipep peptide synthesizer and purified by reverse-phase hplc chromatography. Purity was assessed by analytical hplc and the amino acid sequence confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis. This peptide was coupled to KLH prior to immunization into rabbits. New Zealand White rabbits were subcutaneously injected with KLH-coupled immunizing peptide every 4 weeks for 4 months. The sera from these animals was applied onto an agarose column to which the immunogen peptide was thio-linked. Antibody was eluted from the column with 0.1 M glycine, pH 2.5. Subsequently, the antibody solution was neutralized to pH 7.0 with saturated Tris.
Antibody Modification: Unconjugated. Contact KInexus if you are interest in having the antibody biotinylated or coupled with fluorescent dyes.
Antibody Concentration: 1 mg/ml
Storage Buffer: Phosphate buffered saline pH 7.4, 0.05% Thimerasol
Storage Conditions: For long term storage, keep frozen at -40°C or lower. Stock solution can be kept at +4°C for more than 3 months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Product Use: Western blotting | Antibody microarray
Antibody Dilution Recommended: 2 µg/ml for immunoblotting
Antibody Species Reactivity: This antibody detects the target phosphoprotein in the following species due to conservation of amino acid sequence: Human | Chimpanzee | Rhesus Macaque | Dog | Mouse | Platypus | Chicken | Frog | Zebra fish | Fruit fly | Honey bee.
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Scientific Background: GSK3-beta (GSK3b) is a protein-serine/threonine kinase of the CMGC group and GSK family. It is a critical enzyme in glycogen metabolism, and plays a role in pathological conditions such as cancer, diabetes, and neurological diseases. Orthologues of GSK3b are amongst the most highly conserved protein kinases in animals, plants, fungi and unicellular eukaryotes. It features three domains: an N-terminal domain (residues 1–134), an alpha-helical domain (152–342), and a C-terminal domain. GSK3b is activated by phosphorylation at Tyr-216 by MEK1 and MEK2, and inhibited by phosphorylation of Ser9 by Akt1 and other kinases. GSK3b phosphorylates and inhibits glycogen synthase. It is implicated in the regulation of several physiological processes, including control of glycogen and protein synthesis by insulin, and modulation of the transcription factors AP-1 and CREB. This kinase is highly expressed and widely distributed in most tested human tissues. It is found in both the cytoplasm and nucleus, as well as the axon and dendrites in neurons. Transient transfection of human GSK3b into Chinese hamster ovary cells stably transfected with individual human tau isoforms leads to hyperphosphorylation of tau. GSK3b has been linked with the development of Alzheimer’s disease, bipolar disorder, and Type 2 diabetes. It is a suppressor of ALS and FTD pathogenesis (1,2). Activation of this protein-serine/threonine kinase was also observed in ALS-associated defects in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/mitochondrial communication (3). GSK3b is also a main kinase responsible for TDP-43 phosphorylation and deletion of the GSK3b gene protected against TDP-43-induced toxicity (1). Mutations leading to upregulation of GSK3b are also implicated in ovarian, prostate, pancreatic, colorectal, neuroblastoma, and glioblastoma neoplasms, by positively regulating cyclin D1 and thus promoting cell cycle progression. This description may include information annotated by UniProt and/or Google AI.