Product Name:
DYRK1A-pY321
Product Number:
ab-pk597
Target Full Name: Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A
Target Alias: DYR1A; DYRK; MNB; MNBH; HP86; DYRK1; CCDS13653.1; ENSG00000157540
Product Type Specific: DYRK1A protein kinase phosphosite-specific antibody
Antibody Code: PK597
Antibody Target Type: Phosphosite-specific
Antibody Phosphosite: Y321
Protein UniProt: Q13627
Protein SigNET: DYRK1A
Antibody Type: Polyclonal
Antibody Host Species: Rabbit
Antibody Immunogen Source: Human DYRK1A sequence peptide Cat. No.: PE-04AET99
Antibody Immunogen Sequence: IYQ(pY)IQS(bA)C
Antibody Immunogen Description: Corresponds to amino acid residues I318 to S324; in the protein kinase catalytic domain activation T loop region between subdomains VII and VIII. Y321 phosphorylation stimulates phosphotransferase activity. This is one of the major in vivo phosphorylation sites in DYRK1A (≥3759 reports from high throughput mass spectrometry studies recorded in PhosphoSitePlus). DYRK1A is known to be phosphorylated at this site in vitro by DYRK1A.
Production Method: The immunizing peptide was produced by solid phase synthesis on a multipep peptide synthesizer and purified by reverse-phase hplc chromatography. Purity was assessed by analytical hplc and the amino acid sequence confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis. This peptide was coupled to KLH prior to immunization into rabbits. New Zealand White rabbits were subcutaneously injected with KLH-coupled immunizing peptide every 4 weeks for 4 months. The sera from these animals was applied onto an agarose column to which the immunogen peptide was thio-linked. Antibody was eluted from the column with 0.1 M glycine, pH 2.5. Subsequently, the antibody solution was neutralized to pH 7.0 with saturated Tris.
Antibody Modification: Unconjugated. Contact KInexus if you are interest in having the antibody biotinylated or coupled with fluorescent dyes.
Antibody Concentration: 0.3 mg/ml
Storage Buffer: Phosphate buffered saline pH 7.4, 0.05% Thimerasol
Storage Conditions: For long term storage, keep frozen at -40°C or lower. Stock solution can be kept at +4°C for more than 3 months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Product Use: Western blotting | Antibody microarray
Antibody Dilution Recommended: 2 µg/ml for immunoblotting
Antibody Potency: Very weak immunoreactivity of a target-sized protein by Western blotting in A431 and HEK-293 cells. Medium immunoreactivity with immunogen peptide on dot blots.
Antibody Species Reactivity: This antibody detects the target phosphoprotein in the following species due to conservation of amino acid sequence: Human | Rhesus Macaque | Rat | Mouse | Platypus | Frog | Zebra fish.
Antibody Positive Control: The observed molecular mass of the processed target protein on SDS-PAGE gels is reported to be around 80-90 kDa.
Antibody Specificity: Medium-High
Antibody Cross Reactivity: At high concentrations, this antibody detects multiple proteins (~85, ~37 and ~28 kDa) in A431 cells.
Related Product 1: DYRK1A (318-324) pY321 antibody blocking peptide (Cat. No.: PE-04AET99)
Related Product 2: DYRKSubtide kinase substrate peptide (Cat. No.: PE-01BHD95)
Related Product 3: DYRK2 expression antibody (Cat. No.: AB-NK266-1)
Related Product 4: DYRK2 Y382 phosphorylation antibody (Cat. No.: AB-PK598)
Scientific Background: DYRK1A is a protein-serine/threonine kinase of the CMGC group and DYRK family. It features a central kinase domain, a nuclear localization signal, and a N-terminal DYRK homology (DH)-box. It is a dual-specificity protein kinase that can phosphorylate tyrosine, serine, and threonine residues. DYRK1A acts as a crucial regulator of neuron proliferation, dendrite maturation, and synaptic plasticity. It phosphorylates various transcription factors, splicing factors, and signaling proteins, including Tau, p53, CRY2, FOXO1, SRSF6 and SIRT1. It phosphorylate and inactives GSK3beta and stabilizes p27 Kip, affecting the cell cycle, particularly during neurogenesis. DYRK1A has been found to prolong ERK activation via interactions with RAS, BRAF, and MEK1 and the formation of a RAS/BRAF/MEK1 complex.Phosphorylation at Y321 of DYRK1A increases phosphotransferase activity. Phosphorylation at S529 also increases phosphotransferase activity and association with 14-3-3-beta. It is inhibited by RANBP9. It may play a role in cell proliferation pathways such as during brain development. While often found in the nucleus, it is also active in the cytoplasm and associated with the cytoskeleton and synapses. Overexpression in pheochromocytoma cells potentiated their neuronal differentiation in response to NGF through a RAS/MAPK signalling pathway. Overexpression of DYRK1A is heavily implicated in the cognitive defects associated with Down Syndrome (DS), while its haploinsufficiency (reduced expression) causes a rare form of autosomal dominant mental retardation (MRD7). DYRK1A may also interact with viral oncoproteins such as adenovirus E1A and HPV-E7. Its role in cancer is unclear; inhibition of caspase-9 by DYRK1A protects mitotic cells from apoptosis, but overexpression attentuated calcineurin signalling, which leads to decreased angiogenesis and tumour growth. Active DYRK1A can induce megakaryocytic tumours (derived from bone marrow cells responsible for producing red blood cells). Due to its role in neurodevelopmental disorders, cancer metastasis, and neurodegeneration, DYRK1A is a significant target for pharmacological inhibitors. This description may include information annotated by UniProt and/or Google AI.