Product Name:
PDK4-3
Product Number:
ab-nn178-3
Target Full Name: Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoform 4; [Pyruvate dehydrogenase [lipoamide]] kinase isozyme 4, mitochondrial
Target Alias: Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoform 4; PDK4;
Product Type Specific: PDK4 protein kinase pan-specific antibody
Antibody Code: NN178-3
Antibody Target Type: Pan-specific
Protein UniProt: Q16654
Protein SigNET: PDK4
Antibody Type: Polyclonal
Antibody Host Species: Rabbit
Antibody Immunogen Source: Human PDK4 (PDHK4) sequence peptide Cat. No.: PE-01ARK90
Antibody Immunogen Sequence: CDQYYLSSPELKLTQV
Antibody Immunogen Description: Corresponds to amino acid residues C215 to V230.
Production Method: The immunizing peptide was produced by solid phase synthesis on a multipep peptide synthesizer and purified by reverse-phase hplc chromatography. Purity was assessed by analytical hplc and the amino acid sequence confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis. This peptide was coupled to KLH prior to immunization into rabbits. New Zealand White rabbits were subcutaneously injected with KLH-coupled immunizing peptide every 4 weeks for 4 months. The sera from these animals was applied onto an agarose column to which the immunogen peptide was thio-linked. Antibody was eluted from the column with 0.1 M glycine, pH 2.5. Subsequently, the antibody solution was neutralized to pH 7.0 with saturated Tris.
Antibody Modification: Unconjugated. Contact KInexus if you are interest in having the antibody biotinylated or coupled with fluorescent dyes.
Antibody Concentration: 1 mg/ml
Storage Buffer: Phosphate buffered saline pH 7.4, 0.05% Thimerasol
Storage Conditions: For long term storage, keep frozen at -40°C or lower. Stock solution can be kept at +4°C for more than 3 months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Product Use: Western blotting | Antibody microarray
Antibody Dilution Recommended: 2 µg/ml for immunoblotting
Antibody Species Reactivity: This antibody detects the target protein in the following species due to conservation of amino acid sequence: Human | Chimpanzee | Rhesus macaque | Rat | Mouse | Chicken |Frog | Zebra fish.
Antibody Positive Control: The observed molecular mass of the processed target protein on SDS-PAGE gels is reported to be around 45-55 kDa.
Antibody Specificity: Very high
Antibody Cross Reactivity: No immunoreactivity on protein dot blots with recombinant human PDK1, PDK3 and PDK4.
Related Product 1: PDHK4 (215-230) antibody blocking peptide (Cat. No.: PE-01ARK90)
Related Product 2: PDHKSubtide kinase substrate peptide (Cat. No.: PE-01BIO90)
Related Product 3: PDK4 pan-specific antibody (Cat. No.: AB-NN178-1)
Related Product 4: PDK4 pan-specific antibody (Cat. No.: AB-NN178-2P)
Related Product 5: PDK4 pan-specific antibody (Cat. No.: AB-NN178-3P)
Related Product 6: PDK4-1 pan-specific antibody (Cat. No.: AB-NN178-2)
Scientific Background: PDHK4 (PDK4, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4) is a mitochondrial protein-serine/threonine kinase of the Atypical group and PDHK family. It phosphorylates and inactivates the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase. By reducing the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, it acts as a metabolic switch to conserve glucose and promote fatty acid oxidation during fasting, high-fat diets, and starvation. It is highly expressed in tissues with active fatty acid oxidation, including skeletal muscle, liver, and heart. Its expression is highly regulated by nutritional and hormonal states, including up-regulation by glucocorticoids (cortisol), retinoic acid, and thyroid hormones, and down-regulation by insulin. Increased PDHK4 levels contribute to metabolic inflexibility and insulin resistance. It promotes vascular calcification. Deficiency of PDHK4 attenuates the long-term negative effects of a high-saturated fat diet. It is often up-regulated in tumour cells to modulate pyruvate oxidation to support tumour growth, although it may act as a tumour suppressor in some contexts, like bladder cancer. This description may include information annotated by UniProt and/or Google AI.